Bloat. Twisted stomach. Torsion. Regardless of what you may call it, it is a life-threatening condition that can affect large, deep-chested dogs.
What is bloat?
In the simplest terms possible, bloat is a twisting of the stomach. It can occur after a large meal, especially if a lot of physical activity is involved.
If your dog bolts down a large meal, he’s probably gulping down a lot of air with his food. He may lap up a lot of water afterwards. His extra-full stomach may need the relief of belching or vomiting before he feels comfortable again. This overfullness is called gastric distention — it sounds kind of like how I feel after Thanksgiving dinner.
Vigorous exercise when your dog’s stomach is so overfull can cause the stomach to twist. It can twist in different directions, but the results are bad. The twisted stomach cuts off access to the esophagus, so the dog can no longer relieve the pressure by belching or throwing up. The twisted stomach can also trap or cut off blood supply to other organs, like the spleen.
Sound bad? It gets worse. With the stomach, esophagus, and possibly other organs cut off, the heart gets less blood return. Toxins can build up in the lining of the stomach, without the fresh supply of blood moving things around to be processed. The dog’s blood pressure will usually drop, and he can go into shock. The stomach can even rupture.
Without prompt medical treatment, a dog with twisted stomach can die.
What are the symptoms of bloat?
If your dog is suffering from a twisted stomach, you will probably see him salivating and trying to throw up (unsuccessfully). His stomach will be distended.
You may also see depression or lethargy, restlessness, weakness, or a rapid heartbeat. The color of your dog’s gums may tell you if he’s gone into shock. If you suspect that your dog is suffering from a twisted stomach, call your vet immediately! Bloat is a life-threatening condition that can only be treated by a veterinary professional.