Chameleons are amazing and interesting pets but are not necessarily the best choice for beginning lizard hobbyists as they are easily stressed.
These lizards are known for their ability to change color. Young chameleons are usually a dull grey or brown color and can change color only a little. Around five months of age, the adult color develops, bringing the ability to change through an amazing range of colors. You may see an adult chameleon display green, blue-green, turquoise, black, and more!
Why do they change colors? Camouflage is the best known (but not the only) reason. Chameleons also change color for temperature regulation and to communicate with other chameleons. Excitement, stress, temperature, and lighting conditions can also influence color change. A dark brown or black chameleon is stressed; a brightly colored chameleon is content or comfortable.
Chameleons have another fascinating “trick” — they use their tongues to catch prey. The chameleon’s tongue can be up to one and a half times the length of the body, allowing these lizards to catch insects from a distance. Chameleons are mainly insect eaters, but will occasionally eat vegetation and slugs.
Other interesting chameleon features:
- Funny feet — three toes point one way and two toes point the opposite way. This gives them an amazing grip!
- Tricky tail — many varieties of chameleon have a prehensile tail that can be used to grip tree branches.
- Rotating eyes — globular eyes that can rotate and move independently, allowing the chameleon to scan a wide radius for hunting and protection.
When choosing a chameleon, try to find a captive bred one rather than a wild caught one. The process of capture and shipping can be very stressful. Many wild caught chameleons succumb to stress, starvation, or dehydration long before reaching the pet store. Wild caught chameleons may also be full of parasites.
Look for a chameleon that is brightly colored and active. Make sure the body is fleshy. Some hobbyists suggest a male chameleon over a female, as males are thought to be less picky eaters and generally hardier. These lizards are solitary and territorial, so it’s best to keep only one.