Basically, a hearing aid is a device that makes sound louder. They do not restore normal human hearing but can help people with hearing loss communicate more easily.
All hearing aids have certain basic parts in common. There is a microphone, to pick up sounds. There is an amplifier, to make that sound louder. There is a speaker, to send the sound to the ear. Finally, there are batteries to power the hearing aid. Size, look, and placement can differ; size does not indicate sound quality.
Analog adjustable hearing aids are made based on your hearing tests. These are the simplest type of hearing aids, and amplify all sounds equally — you only have control over the volume you hear. They are often the least expensive type of hearing aid.
Analog programmable hearing aids are programmable by your doctor or audiologist. The computer chip in the hearing aid can be programmed for different environments — like at home vs. at a dinner party vs. in a restaurant. You use a remote control to change hearing environments.
Digital programmable hearing aids are the most advanced and most expensive type of hearing aids. These analyze the hearing environment and adjust automatically. They are more flexible in their programming than analog programmable hearing aids.
Some hearing aids are worn behind the ear (BTE). The hearing aid is in a case that sits behind the ear; a plastic ear mold is inserted into the outer ear area. BTE hearing aids are used for all types of hearing loss and are often used for children. Other hearing aids are worn in the ear (ITE). The case sits in the outer part of the ear, and may be difficult for some people to handle because of their smaller size. Children do not usually use ITE hearing aids because the case must be replaced as the child grows.
In the canal hearing aids (ITC) fit partly or completely into the ear canal. These are used by people with mild to moderate hearing loss, and not people with severe hearing loss. Again, the smaller size may make ITC hearing aids difficult for some people to handle.
If you think you need a hearing aid:
- Talk to your doctor about a hearing test. Your doctor may suggest a specialist; you can also look for a doctor who specializes in ear and hearing problems.
- Talk to an audiologist about what type of hearing aid will work best for you. The amount of hearing loss you have, your manual dexterity, and other factors will determine which style will work best.
- Consider the cost. Does your insurance cover a hearing aid? Is there a return policy, in case you are not satisfied with your hearing aids? Is there a warranty, in case your hearing aids get damaged?