Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is the most common hormonal reproductive problem among women. It affects about ten percent of all women. Women with PCOS tend to have high levels of male hormones. Most have a very irregular period; some women don’t get a period at all. The ovaries are often covered with many small cysts that interfere with ovulation and cause irregular cycles.
The main symptoms of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome are irregular menstrual cycles, infertility, oily skin, pain in the pelvic area, being overweight, high cholesterol, high blood pressure and abnormal hair growth on the face, chest and back.
If you think you may have this disorder, see your doctor. Several tests are done to diagnose polycystic ovarian syndrome. A physical exam will be done along with an ultrasound of the ovaries. A transvaginal ultrasound is more effective at diagnosing the multiple ovarian cysts that are common with this disorder. Blood tests may also be done to check hormone and glucose levels.
The exact cause of this disorder is not known. There are a few theories. One theory is that it may have something to do with insulin levels. Producing too much insulin may be the cause of the weight gain associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Another theory is that the disorder is genetic. Many women with this disorder have other family members, such as a mother, sister or aunt that also has it.
If you are trying to conceive, fertility drugs are the treatment of choice. These will help induce ovulation and bring on a regular cycle, which is crucial to successful conception. Prior to using the fertility drugs, the doctor should check the fallopian tubes to be sure they are clear. Most doctors will prescribe fertility drugs in pill form before moving on to injectable medications.
Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome have a higher risk of some complications once they become pregnant. Some of the more common complications include an increased risk of miscarriage, gestational diabetes and pre eclampsia. In addition, some women with this disorder are more likely to experience pre term labor.